Cancer Protein Description
This report provides a detailed description of a selected cancer protein with information collected from various sources, including UniProt, the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute’s Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC), and the Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology.
| Protein Name: | NRAS |
| Gene Name: | NRAS |
| Protein Full Name: | GTPase NRas |
| Alias: | GTPase NRas precursor; HRAS1; Transforming protein N-Ras |
| Mass (Da): | 21229 |
| Number AA: | 189 |
| UniProt ID: | P01111; Q9UM97 |
| Locus ID: | 4893 |
| COSMIC ID: | NRAS |
| Gene location on chromosome: | 1p13 |
| Cancer protein type: | OP |
| Effect of cancer mutation on protein: | GAIN |
| Effect of active protein on cancer: | PROMOTES |
| Number of cancer specimens: | 80040 |
| Percent of cancer specimens with mutations: | 5.24 |
| General distribution of mutations: | Narrow |
| Location of most mutations: | Most point mutations are found in two clusters (AA 10-20 and AA 59-68), with the second cluster also showing many complex mutation. One insertion and no deletion mutants are observed. |
| Commonly recorded point mutations: | Q61R (1262); Q61K (909); G12D (515); Q61L (290); G13D (242); G12S (156); G13R (110); |
| Found in amplified chromosomal regions in human cancers: | Head and neck cancers (30%) |
| Normal role description: | RAS family member. Binds GDP/GTP and has intrinsic GTPase activity. Activated by GEFs and inactivated by GAPs. As the other RAS family members involved in signalling pathways, such as the MAPK cascade, that influence proliferation, differentiation, transformation, and apoptosis. Aberrant activity associated with great variety of human malignancies. |
| Commentary on involvement of protein in cancer: | AA 10-17, 57-61, and 116-119 are involved in GTP binding. Q61R is observed in lung carcinoma cell and melanoma. |