Cancer Protein Description
This report provides a detailed description of a selected cancer protein with information collected from various sources, including UniProt, the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute’s Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC), and the Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology.
| Protein Name: | HRAS |
| Gene Name: | HRAS |
| Protein Full Name: | GTPase HRas |
| Alias: | C-H-ras; HRAS1; RasH; Transforming protein p21; Transforming protein p21/H-Ras-1; V-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene; V-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog |
| Mass (Da): | 21298 |
| Number AA: | 189 |
| UniProt ID: | P01112; Q16046; Q16525; Q96T27;Q92468 |
| Locus ID: | 3265 |
| COSMIC ID: | HRAS |
| Gene location on chromosome: | 11p15.5 |
| Cancer protein type: | OP |
| Effect of cancer mutation on protein: | GAIN |
| Effect of active protein on cancer: | PROMOTES |
| Number of cancer specimens: | 49331 |
| Percent of cancer specimens with mutations: | 2.85 |
| General distribution of mutations: | Narrow |
| Location of most mutations: | Two main clusters at AA 12-13 and AA 61-62 with point mutations and 2 insertions in the first cluster. |
| Commonly recorded point mutations: | G13R (319); G12V (252); Q61R (207); Q61L (155); Q61K (87); G12S (80); G12D (68); |
| Transduced into viral genome: | Harvey murine sarcoma virus - Mouse |
| Normal role description: | GTPase. Two splice variants (p19 and p21 HRAS) were suggested to play an antagonistic role. HRAS has no oncogenic ability. However mutations are implicated in many tumors. RAS proteins are involved in many signalling pathways. |
| Commentary on involvement of protein in cancer: | G12V in FCSS, bladder carcinoma and CMEMS; constitutively activated; interacts and recruits PLCE1 to plasma membrane; loss of interaction with and recruitment to plasma membrane of PLCE1 when associated with F-32; loss of interaction with PLCE1 when associated with G-26, F-32 and S-35; no effect on interaction with PLCE1 when associated with A-29, G-34, G-37, N-38 and C-39; no effect on subcellular location of isoform 2. Q61V: Strongly increased transformation of cultured cell lines. Q61K in follicular thyroid carcinoma samples; somatic mutation; increases transformation of cultured cell lines. |