Cancer Protein Description
This report provides a detailed description of a selected cancer protein with information collected from various sources, including UniProt, the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute’s Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC), and the Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology.
| Protein Name: | CXCL1 |
| Gene Name: | CXCL1 |
| Protein Full Name: | Growth-regulated alpha protein |
| Alias: | C-X-C motif chemokine 1;GRO-alpha(1-73);Melanoma growth stimulatory activity;Neutrophil-activating protein 3 |
| Mass (Da): | 11301 |
| Number AA: | 107 |
| UniProt ID: | P09341 |
| Locus ID: | 2919 |
| COSMIC ID: | CXCL1 |
| Gene location on chromosome: | 4q21 |
| Number of cancer specimens: | 19695 |
| Percent of cancer specimens with mutations: | 0.05 |
| Normal role description: | CXCL1 is a chemokine -- a group of small (approximately 8 to 14 kD), mostly basic, structurally related molecules that regulate cell trafficking of various types of leukocytes through interactions with a subset of 7-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptors -- that exerts chemotactic activity for neutrophils. It may play a role in inflammation and exerts its effects on endothelial cells in an autocrine fashion. In vitro, the processed forms GRO-alpha(4-73), GRO-alpha(5-73) and GRO-alpha(6-73) show a 30-fold higher chemotactic activity. |
| Commentary on involvement of protein in cancer: | Chemokines are a group of small (approximately 8 to 14 kD), mostly basic, structurally related molecules that regulate cell trafficking of various types of leukocytes through interactions with a subset of 7-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptors. Chemokines also play fundamental roles in the development, homeostasis, and function of the immune system, and they have effects on cells of the central nervous system as well as on endothelial cells involved in angiogenesis or angiostasis. Chemokines are divided into 2 major subfamilies, CXC and CC, based on the arrangement of the first 2 of the 4 conserved cysteine residues; the 2 cysteines are separated by a single amino acid in CXC chemokines and are adjacent in CC chemokines. CXC chemokines are further subdivided into ELR and non-ELR types based on the presence or absence of a glu-leu-arg sequence adjacent and N terminal to the CXC motif. ELR types are chemotactic for neutrophils, while non-ELR types are chemotactic for lymphocytes. |