Cancer Protein Description
This report provides a detailed description of a selected cancer protein with information collected from various sources, including UniProt, the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute’s Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC), and the Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology.
| Protein Name: | HYAL2 |
| Gene Name: | HYAL2 |
| Protein Full Name: | Hyaluronidase-2 |
| Alias: | Hyaluronoglucosaminidase-2;Lung carcinoma protein 2 |
| Mass (Da): | 53844 |
| Number AA: | 473 |
| UniProt ID: | Q12891 |
| Locus ID: | 8692 |
| COSMIC ID: | HYAL2 |
| Gene location on chromosome: | 3p21.3 |
| Cancer protein type: | UNCLEAR |
| Effect of cancer mutation on protein: | UNCLEAR |
| Effect of active protein on cancer: | UNCLEAR |
| Number of cancer specimens: | 19813 |
| Percent of cancer specimens with mutations: | 0.32 |
| Normal role description: | HYAL2 is a member of the hyaluronidase family of enzymes which catalyze the breakdown of hyaluronic acid (HA) chains in the extracellular matrix. The HYAL2 isoform, however, possesses very little hyaluronidase activity and appears to be an inactive variant. HYAL2 is expressed at high levels in most tissues and is localized to the cell surface through a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor. HYAL2 has a role in cancer in sheep as the cell-surface receptor for Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) which encodes a predicted envelope (Env) oncogene. In sheep, the JSRV Env protein has been shown to activate macrophage stimulating 1 receptors (MST1R) which can activate P13K and MAPK signalling pathways leading to the development of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. In humans, increased HYAL2 expression was observed in esophageal squamous carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinomas and invasive breast cancer cell lines while decreased expression was observed in lung cancer cell lines. HYAL2's role in human cancer development is ambiguous but may contribute to metastasis. |